Art has existed for tens of thousands of years, tracing back to the time when ancient civilizations roamed the earth. Throughout history, art has captured culturally significant moments using various mediums and techniques to communicate and express the complexities of human experience. From the earliest cave paintings of the Paleolithic Era to the Modern Contemporary works of the 21st century. Art has consistently defined what it means to be a human. It serves as an essential tool for expression, evolving alongside societal, cultural and traditional changes. When we discuss art, we recognize that it encompasses much more than just paintbrushes, strokes and canvases. In this exploration, we will delve into the distinct types of art, examining their influence and significance. Art is not merely a collection of objects but it is a profound means of understanding the world and preserving the remnants of our history.
The Earliest Times
The earliest recorded prehistoric art can be found in the stunning Lascaux Cave in France, dating back approximately 17,000 years. Within its walls, you'll discover breathtaking representations of animals like horses, deer and birds alongside geometric shapes and symbols, as well as religious and human figures. This remarkable artwork is a testament to the creativity and artistic expression of our earliest ancestors. It not only offers us a glimpse into early human societies but also highlights the profound power of art in shaping cultural heritage.
Exploring the Ancient Art of Egyptian, Greek and Roman Civilizations reveals a rich evidence of religion, mythology and cultural identity. During this era, art blossomed into something truly magnificent evolving into more sophisticated forms that transcended simple representations. Iconic structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome and the Parthenon in Greece stand as timeless testaments to human creativity and craftsmanship, their iconic remnants still echoing the legacies of past civilizations. This demonstrates that art is far more complex than mere drawings on paper or cave walls, it encompasses architecture and monumental structures that reflect the ingenuity of our earliest ancestors.
Lamentation painted by Giotto Di Bondone
The rise of Medieval Arts during the Middle Ages spanning from the 5th to the 14th centuries marked a remarkable era of craftsmanship in Europe. This period was deeply intertwined with Catholicism as religious themes and symbolic pursuits flourished particularly in the decoration of churches reflecting the widespread influence of Catholic beliefs. Artistic mediums such as painting, sculpture, stained glass, textiles and metalwork emerged showcasing an impressive complexity and skill. Notably, the development of stained glass art began during this time and its vibrant beauty continues to grace church structures today. This era also birthed various art styles that represented the values and ideals of medieval society capturing the essence of a time rich in faith and creativity.
The Renaissance Period
The Renaissance Period stand as one of the most transformative and influential epochs in the history. Spanning from the 14th to the 17th century, this remarkable era is often celebrated as a golden age of cultural and intellectual revival in Europe. It is characterized by distinct phases, the Age of Exploration, the Reformation, Absolutism and the Scientific Revolution each contributing to a profound shift in thought and creativity. During this vibrant time, art flourished like never before evolving from the simpler forms of earlier periods to embrace a rich tapestry of mediums. Artists explored not only painting and sculpture but also literature, architecture and music, crafting masterpieces that continue to inspire. The term "Renaissance" meaning "Rebirth" captures the essence of this period as it ignited a passionate pursuit of classical arts, humanism and realism. It can be divided into three major phases: the Early, High and Late Renaissance each phase marked a revival of artistic endeavors, scientific exploration and innovative political thought. This era also witnessed significant economic growth, fueled by burgeoning trade routes that connected diverse cultures and ideas. In essence, it was a time of awakening a celebration of human potential and creativity that reshaped the world and laid the groundwork for the modern age. Its legacy continues to resonate reminding us of the power of art and intellect to transcend boundaries and inspire generations.
Patron of Arts
One of the most significant reasons for the flourishing of artistic pursuits during the Renaissance was the emergence of the "Patrons of the Arts" Monarchs and members of the burgeoning business class generously supported and funded artists across various disciplines including literature, sculpture, painting, architecture, music and even fashion. This patronage ensured that the artistic endeavors of the time were never neglected instead they thrived, driven by a relentless pursuit of excellence and creativity.
The societal norms of the period played a crucial role in shaping these artistic aspirations as exemplified in Baldassare Castiglione's seminal work, "The Courtier" published in 1528. This book serves as a quintessential guide to the ideals of the Renaissance outlining the attributes of a refined individual. Castiglione writes,
"A youth should be charming, witty and well-educated in the classics. He should dance, sing, play music and write poetry. In addition, he should be a skilled rider, wrestler and swordsman. Above all, he should possess self-control."
This passage underscores the etiquette and standards expected of both men and women during the Renaissance and just like all human beings striving for greatness, individuals of this era continuously sought to study and master various fields. The term "Renaissance Man" emerged to describe those who made significant contributions to society through their diverse talents. Among the most illustrious figures bestowed with this title are the renowned Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti, whose legacies continue to inspire and captivate us today. Individuals who embody self-control and humility have made significant contributions to society. They prioritize the innovation of their creativity and the expansion of artistic pursuits over the pursuit of personal glory. By inspiring younger artists who follow in their footsteps, they foster a wonderful societal norm that emphasizes empowerment, equality and support rather than dominance and superiority. This spirit of collaboration and encouragement enriches their community and nurtures the next generation of talent.
The Medici Family
The Medici Coat of Arms in the Vatican Museum, Vatican City
The Medici Family of Florence stands as one of the most influential dynasties in the history of art and culture. Originally wool merchants and bankers, their profound passion for the arts propelled them to become patrons of some of the greatest talents of the Renaissance. For over 200 years, they ruled Florence and played a pivotal role in the flourishing of humanism which emphasized individual expression and creativity. Their support for artists was unparalleled they commissioned major works that not only beautified their city but also inspired a generation of creators. This patronage led to a remarkable explosion of artistic innovation as the Medici encouraged others to follow suit prompting wealthy families across Europe to invest in the arts.
During this transformative era, social hierarchies began to dissolve allowing individuals to pursue their passions and earn a living based on their talents. Among the artists who flourished under their patronage were luminaries such as Masaccio, whose groundbreaking techniques in painting set new standards. Brunelleschi, who reimagined architecture with his design for the Basilica of San Lorenzo and the iconic figures Raphael, Donatello and Sandro Botticelli. The Medici even commissioned Peter Paul Rubens as their court painter further solidifying their legacy in the art world. Their influence extended beyond the visual arts they were also patrons of science supporting the groundbreaking work of Galileo Galilei. Additionally, they played a crucial role in popularizing ballet and funding the invention of the piano showcasing their commitment to the cultural advancements of their time.
Some of the greatest artist and notable works, Medici's funded and supported are ;
1. Sandro Botticelli
- The Birth of Venus(1485)
- Primavera (1482)
2. Michelangelo Buonarroti
- David (1501-1504)
- Pietà (1498-1499)
- Tomb of Lorenzo de' Medici(1520-1534)
3. Donatello
- David (1430-1440)
- Saint George (1415-1420)
4. Filippo Brunelleschi
- Dome of the Florence Cathedral (completed 1436)
- Ospedale degli Innocenti (1419)
5. Fra Angelico
- Frescoes in the Convent of San Marco (1438-1445)
6. Raphael
-The Madonna of the Pinks (c. 1506)
7. Luca della Robbia
- Cantoria or Singing Gallery (1431-1438)
8. Vincenzo Dante
- Marble statue of Cosimo de' Medici as Emperor Augustus
9. Leon Alberti
- Facade of Santa Maria Novella (1470)
10. Antonio da Sangallo
- Palazzo Farnese (1514)
11. Dante Alighieri
While Dante lived before the Medici's rise, his works were celebrated and promoted during their time, particularly "The Divine Comedy".
12. Francesco Petrarch
Often considered the father of Humanism, his poetry and letters were influential in shaping Renaissance thought.
13. Giovanni Boccaccio
Known for "The Decameron", Boccaccio's works were supported by the Medici, who appreciated his contributions to literature.
14. Lorenzo de' Medici
Also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, he was a poet himself and wrote numerous works, including Canti Carnascialeschi (Carnival Songs).
15. Niccolo Machiavelli
His political treatise "The Prince" is one of the most significant works of political philosophy, and he had connections with the Medici family throughout his career.
16.Guillaume Dufay
Nuper Rosarum Flores (1436), A motet composed for the consecration of the Florence Cathedral, showcasing the blending of sacred and secular music.
17. Heinrich Isaac
Innsbruck, ich muss dich lassen, A popular song that reflects the style of the time and was often performed in Medici courts.
18. Bartolomeo Cristofori
Credited with inventing the piano, Cristofori was supported by the Medici and showcased his instruments in their court.
19. Antonio Vivaldi
"The Four Seasons" Although primarily associated with Venice, Vivaldi's works were performed in Florence, and he had connections with the Medici through the Ospedale della Pietà , where his compositions were played.
20. Antonio Salvi
A librettist who worked closely with Handel, providing texts for his operas, many of which were performed under Medici patronage.
21. Francesco Cavalli
Giasone, An opera that was performed in Florence, reflecting the Medici's interest in the development of opera.
22. Claudio Monteverdi
L'Orfeo (1607), While not directly funded by the Medici, his operas were influential in Florence, and the Medici supported the operatic tradition that Monteverdi helped establish.
23. Johannes Kepler and Tycho Brahe
Their works were influential in Florence. Kepler's laws of planetary motion built upon the observational data collected by Tycho Brahe, who had connections with the Medici through his work in Prague.
24. Benedetto Castelli
Known for his work in hydraulics and as a teacher of Galileo, Castelli contributed to the understanding of fluid dynamics and was involved in the study of the movement of water.
25. Francesco di Giorgio Martini
An architect and painter, he also wrote treatises on the art of dress and fashion, influencing the design of clothing during the Renaissance. His work included sketches and designs that reflected the styles of the time.
Cosimo de' Medici
While not a scientist himself, Cosimo was a major patron of the sciences and supported scholars like Galileo. He established the "Accademia del Cimento" which promoted scientific experimentation and inquiry.
Catherine de' Medici
As a queen of France, Catherine brought Italian fashion to the French court influencing styles and trends across Europe. She is credited with popularizing certain garments such as the ruff and the use of silk.
Sistine Chapel Ceiling in Apolistic Palace, Vatican City
Among their most remarkable achievements are the magnificent St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel with its breathtaking ceiling painted by Michelangelo Buonarroti. These masterpieces not only exemplify the artistic brilliance of the era but also highlight the Medici's dedication to fostering creativity. In this golden age, artists emerged as revered figures celebrated for their creativity and vision forever changing the landscape of art and culture.
Artist as the Most Valued Social Class
Excerpt from the book "Romeo and Juliet" written by William Shakespeare, 1597
As artists began to move away from religious themes in their work, a remarkable shift occurred towards realism and naturalism embracing more secular subjects than ever before. This period saw a significant rise in the use of perspective which added depth and a sense of space to artistic creations. Similarly, literature flourished under the influence of the Renaissance's intellectual and cultural currents marking a revival of ancient literary forms such as satire, epic poetry and theatrical dramas or comedies.
Its literature not only comeback to these classical traditions but also reflected the innovative ideas that were permeating European culture at the time. Renowned writers like Dante Alighieri, Niccolò Machiavelli, Francesco Petrarch and William Shakespeare crafted timeless works that explored themes of romance, tragedy, melancholy and politics. Their narratives including the iconic "Romeo and Juliet" continue to resonate in modern media underscoring their profound influence. These literary pioneers laid the groundwork for the forms and techniques that remain integral to contemporary literature, novels and essays ensuring their legacy endures through the ages.
St. Peter's Basilica, Rome, 1628
One of the most renowned and important architectural landmarks from the Renaissance that remains celebrated today is St. Peter’s Basilica located in Vatican City. This structure exemplifies Renaissance architecture featuring the contributions of famous architects like Donato Bramante, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini. The basilica's magnificent dome crafted by Michelangelo is especially iconic and towers over the skyline of Rome.
Pietà by Michelangelo Buonarroti, 1499
A handmade sculpture made from a single block of white marble that he made when he was 23 years old and was completed in less than two years
Baldacchino by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 1633
This was made during the Baroque Period and took over nine years to be completed. Design and hand crafted by Bernini using bronze to be put in the altar of St. Peter's
Inside visitors can find a wealth of artistic masterpieces including Michelangelo’s Pietà and Bernini’s stunning Baldacchino above the high altar making it a true treasure of Renaissance art. The Medici family particularly Pope Leo X who belonged to this influential dynasty played a vital role in the church's construction. He was a strong advocate for the project and sought financial support through the sale of indulgences (an ironic method for funding a church haha). St. Peter’s Basilica serves as a lasting symbol of the artistic and architectural brilliance of the Renaissance continuing to evoke admiration and respect from visitors worldwide. Its combination of spirituality, art and history makes it a defining emblem of the era.
The Last Supper painted by Leonardo Da Vinci 1495-1498
Leonardo da Vinci emerged as a central figure of the Renaissance celebrated for his remarkable contributions to art, science and engineering. His work embodies the essence of the era marked by a revival of classical knowledge and humanistic ideals. Renowned pieces like "The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa" highlight his groundbreaking techniques in perspective, composition and the manipulation of light and shadow. These masterpieces not only showcase his artistic brilliance but also reflect the cultural vibrancy of the Renaissance. In Florence, Leonardo operated under the patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici famously known as "Lorenzo the Magnificent". This connection allowed him to interact with other artists and thinkers making a dynamic creative atmosphere where he could collaborate with contemporaries such as Botticelli and Michelangelo thereby enriching the artistic scene of the time.
One of Da Vinci's anatomy drawings, 1473
In addition to his painting, Da Vinci was a meticulous observer of the natural world. His notebooks contain extensive studies on anatomy, botany and mechanics illustrating his belief in the deep connections between art and science. This comprehensive approach was a defining characteristic of Renaissance thought. Leonardo's legacy stands as a testament to the era's spirit of innovation and discovery. His unique ability to merge artistic expression with scientific exploration not only established new benchmarks in art but also paved the way for future advancements across various disciplines. The Medici family's support was instrumental in nurturing his talents and promoting the cultural exchanges that shaped the Renaissance.
Galileo Galilei played a pivotal role in the advancement of science during the Renaissance especially in the fields of astronomy, physics and mathematics. His groundbreaking work was greatly supported by the Medici family which was essential to his achievements and enduring impact. He created a powerful telescope capable of magnifying objects up to 30 times enabling him to make revolutionary observations in astronomy. Among his notable discoveries were the four largest moons of Jupiter which are Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto which challenged the geocentric view of the universe. He was also the first to observe sunspots revealing that the sun was not a flawless celestial body. His studies of Venus demonstrated that it underwent phases similar to those of the Moon, lending support to Copernicus's heliocentric theory. Additionally, Galileo noted the peculiar shape of Saturn which he initially referred to as having "ears" due to the limitations of his telescope. His exploration of object motion led to the development of the law of inertia and the idea of uniform acceleration which laid the foundation for classical mechanics.
The Medici family, especially Cosimo II offered Galileo financial backing and a prestigious role as a royal mathematics professor. This support allowed him to conduct his research without financial worries. His findings were frequently showcased at the Medici court where they were celebrated as part of the family's cultural legacy. This not only enhanced his reputation but also facilitated the spread of his discoveries. In summary, Galileo's revolutionary contributions to astronomy and physics were significantly enhanced by the patronage and protection of the Medici family empowering him to challenge prevailing beliefs and establish the groundwork for modern science. ( even though he is in house arrest for the rest of his life ) .
Various Art Period and Movements
The Calling of Saint Matthew by Caravaggio
Caravaggio stands as a towering figure in the annals of the Baroque period. One of a transformative era in the history of Western art. He is renowned as one of the pioneers of Baroque painting, he captivated audiences with his masterful manipulation of light, striking realism and profound emotional depth. His dramatic style characterized by an interplay of light and shadow brought a new level of intensity to his subjects allowing viewers to experience the raw emotions embedded within each scene.
His commitment to realism set him apart from his contemporaries as he sought to portray the human experience with unflinching honesty, capturing both the beauty and the grit of life. The impact of his innovative techniques resonated far beyond his own time inspiring countless artists who followed in his footsteps. His ability to evoke powerful emotions through meticulous composition and evocative subject matter not only defined the essence of the Baroque style but also paved the way for future generations of artists. Though his life was tragically brief ending in 1610 at the tender age of 38. Caravaggio's legacy endures a testament to the indelible mark he left on the world of art. His revolutionary vision continues to inspire and challenge artists ensuring that his spirit lives on in the vibrant tapestry of art history.
The Water Lily Pond by Claude Monet
Claude Monet, a luminary of the Impressionist movement undoubtedly experienced a complex emotions regarding the critiques and challenges that accompanied the early years of this revolutionary art form. The Impressionists often found themselves the subject of ridicule their innovative departure from traditional artistic norms met with skepticism. Their focus on capturing moments and the enchanting play of light rather than adhering to the meticulous realism favored by the established art community drew widespread criticism.
Yet, Monet remained steadfast in his commitment to his artistic vision which celebrated the subjective experience of the world around him. He recognized the transformative potential of Impressionism viewing it as a gateway to new perspectives that transcended the constraints of academic art. Monet embraced the liberating spirit of Impressionism reveling in its rejection of rigid artistic rules. Through his brushstrokes, Monet invited viewers to experience the beauty of fleeting moments capturing the essence of nature in all its vibrant ever-changing glory. His unwavering dedication to this new approach not only defined his legacy but also paved the way for future generations of artists to explore the boundless possibilities of expression.
Guernica by Pablo Picasso
Cubism, a groundbreaking movement co-developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, heralded a radical departure from traditional artistic forms and perspectives. Instead of confining objects to a single viewpoint, Cubism sought to unveil them from multiple angles simultaneously reflecting the intricate complexity of vision and human experience. This bold shift was met with considerable resistance and criticism from traditional art critics and the public alike. Many within the conservative factions of the art world perceived Cubism as a destructive force even viewing it as a "decline" of the esteemed traditions of painting.
Yet, for Picasso this was far from the truth. He regarded Cubism as a vibrant evolution of artistic expression rather than a regression. His approach was rooted in a relentless quest to explore new ways of seeing and representing the world around him. Determined to break free from the constraints of perspective, color and form that had long dominated classical painting. Picasso viewed traditional art forms as stagnant relics of the past his embrace of Cubism was not merely an act of rebellion, it was a liberating force, a means to unshackle art from its limitations and to invite viewers into a new realm of perception. Through his innovative vision transformed the landscape of art encouraging both artists and audiences to engage with the world in fresh and dynamic ways. Cubism became a testament to the power of creativity and the endless possibilities that arise when one dares to challenge the status quo.
1816, a device called heliograph was invented by a frenchman named Joseph Nicephore Niepce. The first device to capture and reproduced an image.
Here it was shown how artistic endeavors had move forward, from a religious themes to a more secular art forms and the birth of other artistc types such as impressionism and cubism who receive such criticism during their time, we can see here how reactive the society was with the artistic shifts and different art forms being promoted. Ths changes was also influenced by the ever changing economy and ofcourse political views while the world continue to evolve there was also huge changes in the field of government by this time, the patron of arts from the burgeoning class slowly disapear. This lead to a sudden artistic market, where artist would sell their works on the streets or through comission because they couldn't get commissions anymore. The influence of technological advancement also affects painters, with the invention of camera; photography emerge as a primary means of capturing images although photography was considered as visual art it still gives a huge effect on the traditional art.
Rise of the Art Market
By the 18th century, the focus on artistic genius began to shift with the growth of an art market. Artists were increasingly reliant on commissions from wealthy patrons and this began to shift the nature of their work. Instead of being seen primarily as intellectual and cultural icons, artists were increasingly seen as craftsmen or workers. The increase in commercialism and growing competition meant they were subject to the vagaries of market demand rather than universal acclaim.
Several artists from the Industrial Revolution era struggled to sell their works during their lifetimes but gained significant recognition after their deaths.
Wheat Fields with Cypresses
Vincent Van Gogh sold only one painting during his lifetime and faced mental health challenges that affected his career. Today, he is celebrated as one of the most influential figures in Western art.
Hay Wain
John Constable is an english painter known for his landscape paintings. While he had some success, he often struggled to sell his works and faced criticism from contemporaries. He is now regarded as a key figure in Romanticism and is celebrated for his contributions to landscape painting.
Fishermen at Sea
Joseph Mallord Willem Turner is a british painter known for his expressive color and light in landscapes and seascapes. He faced criticism and was not always financially successful during his lifetime. He is now considered a precursor to Impressionism and is highly regarded for his innovative techniques.
The Industrial Revolution and Changing Social Norms
The Industrial Revolution late 18th to 19th century had a profound impact on how artists were viewed. As mass production became more common and as the world urbanized, the traditional patronage system that had supported artists began to wane. Artists increasingly had to sell their works to a broader audience, shifting the focus away from private commissions to public sales, galleries and exhibitions. This led to a loss of exclusivity in the appreciation of art.
During the Industrial Revolution there was a notable shift in artistic pursuits influenced by the rise of machinery and technological advances. As factories and machines became central to production, many artists began to explore themes related to industrialization such as urban life and the impact of technology on society. This shift often led to a decline in traditional artistic pursuits that focused on craftsmanship and handmade goods.
Hand Made Shoe Making
Machine Made Shoes
One of the key examples of this shifting is the way of shoe making. Ever before, making shoes was a respected handmade craft only made by notable shoemakers. However, as the beginning of machinery advances there's a huge change happened to that, they make the mass production and cost much more faster and lesser but it also affected the artistic pursuits of the shoemakers making their works less admired and appreciated.
By the 1890s, most of the shoemaking process was mechanized. Today, shoe-lasting machines are computer-controlled and allow for the mass production of shoes at a lower cost than ever before. The ability to produce goods faster and cheaper through industrial methods diminished the value of handmade crafts. Artisans and crafts people found it challenging to compete with mass-produced items, leading to a decline in traditional craftsmanship.
In "The Great Transformation" written by Karl Polanyi discusses the profound changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of market economies.
"The market economy is not a self-regulating system. It is a social construct that requires a framework of laws and institutions to function. The Industrial Revolution led to the commodification of land, labor, and money, transforming them into mere commodities subject to market fluctuations. This shift resulted in significant social dislocation, as traditional ways of life were disrupted, and communities were uprooted in favor of industrial growth."
This excerpt highlights how the Industrial Revolution was not just an economic shift but also a profound social transformation impacting communities and individual lives. This shift in their societal norms had a huge influence making people focus on doing works because that is now their ways to earn money rather than pursuing their artistic endeavors as it is now becoming less prominent. We can say that in this era, the shifting from the importance of artist was declining and it was changing to the other professions and works added by the ongoing wars that affected the lives of the people.
Architectural Changes
The transition from the intricate designs of structures like La Sagrada Familia to contemporary minimalist architecture reflects significant shifts in artistic and architectural philosophies over time. This evolution not only showcases changing aesthetic preferences but also influences the pursuits of artists and architects throughout history.
La Sagrada Familia, designed by Antoni GaudÃ, is a quintessential example of the ornate and symbolic architectural style of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. GaudÃ’s approach involved collaboration with various artists and craftsmen, leading to a rich tapestry of artistic expression within the architecture. In stark contrast, minimalist architecture emerged as a reaction against the complexity of earlier styles. Minimalism emphasizes clean lines, open spaces, and a lack of ornamentation. This style reflects contemporary values of efficiency, sustainability, and a preference for simplicity in a fast-paced world. As architecture became more functional and less ornate, traditional decorative arts, which thrived in the context of complex designs, saw a decline. Artists who specialized in ornamental work found fewer opportunities.
Artistic Identity Crisis
While during the Renaissance era, Artist was known for their prominence and importance in the society during the time of industrial revolution the rise of machines led to questions about the role of the artist and craftsman. As to why they're even needed when there are many machines that can now replace them. Many artists grappled with their identity in a rapidly changing world where machines replaced traditional skills. This existential questioning influenced their work and themes.
Reflecting on the annals of history, we find that during the Renaissance artists were revered as esteemed figures celebrated for their genius and significant contributions to both art and science. However, as the Baroque and Rococo periods unfolded the glorification of the "artist-genius" began to subtly wane. Artistic styles became increasingly intertwined with the preferences of specific courts and aristocracies, marking a notable shift in the perception of the artist's role within society. In this evolving narrative, we witness the dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation where each movement builds upon the last creating a rich and complex dialogue that continues to inspire and challenge artists and audiences alike.
The idea of the artist as a solitary genius began to fade as the art world became more institutionalized, and commercial galleries and art auctions played an increasingly larger role in shaping the artist's career. The relationship between art and commerce led to a sense that the artist's "glory" was often tied not to artistic merit, but to the ability to sell and to market oneself in the art world. This left many artists feeling underappreciated unless they were successful in the commercial sphere.
Late 20th Century to Present
By the late 20th century with the rise of conceptual art, performance art and the art market's dominance artists became increasingly commodified. The idea of the artist as a "star" or "genius" became more associated with fame, marketability and celebrity culture. Artists were no longer universally glorified for their craft in the way they had been in previous centuries.
Furthermore, with the rise of digital media and global accessibility to art many artists struggled to find recognition beyond niche groups and the widespread adoration of individual artists became rare. Today, the notion of the "artist" as a cultural figure is more democratic but can also feel diluted as art is increasingly seen as subjective, decentralized and influenced by commercial and social forces.
With the rise of more variation of arts, one of the most prominent variation of art in this generation is the performing artist in the field of cinema. However, this prominence with their talents was tied with the marketing which is still affecting the genuine artistic pursuits that centuries ago have.
Movie Representations
Dead Poets Society
Neil Perry, one of the central characters in "Dead Poets Society," embodies the struggle between personal ambition and societal expectations particularly in his desire to pursue acting. His journey highlights the neglect of artistic pursuits and the consequences of suppressing one's true passions.
From a young age, he has a strong desire to become an actor. He expresses this passion with enthusiasm, stating, "For the first time in my whole life, I know what I want to do! And for the first time, I'm gonna do it! Whether my father wants me to or not. Carpe Diem!" This quote encapsulates his determination to follow his dreams despite external pressures. Neil's aspirations are met with fierce opposition from his father, Mr. Perry, who has a rigid vision for his son's future, insisting that Neil pursue a career in medicine. This conflict between Neil's artistic ambitions and his father's expectations creates a profound sense of internal struggle for Neil, as he feels trapped between his desires and his father's demands.
The Three Idiots
Farhan Qureshi, portrayed by R. Madhavan in the film "3 Idiots," is a complex character who embodies the struggle between personal passion and societal expectations. Throughout the movie, Farhan dreams of becoming a professional photographer, specifically a wildlife photographer, which reflects his true passion for photography and love for animals. However, he finds himself pressured into pursuing a degree in engineering, a path chosen by his father, who believes it will secure a stable future for him.
Farhan's story is not just about photography; it symbolizes the broader struggle many face in balancing personal dreams with familial expectations. The film ultimately advocates for the importance of pursuing one's passion and living authentically, rather than succumbing to societal pressures.
Although art and artist didn't entirely disappear we still couldn't neglect the fact that these movie representations are true. There are many people in this world who have the talents and skills to create. However, the world we live right now do not give great importance and emphasis on people with artistic gifts added by how artist in this generation was underestimated with beliefs and norms that there are no "money" with arts. Although most of the artist tend to create for their own artistic expression its still a sad reality that the once most valued pursuits was now being disrespected and undervalued.
There was once a Tiktok Trend known as a Fig Tree Analogy by Slyvia Plath where people posted what they truly desire to do in life and there was a post there which said " the fact that most people put painter, poet, filmaker, philosopher, writer in these videos says a lot about what humans truly desire as a species " which is true, humans on the brighter side was born to create in every possible ways but is also being limited by the world we live by now. We learn how to draw and makes scribbles on walls and papers before we humans even learn how to speak. The world that demands extensive works for the sake of money because we are just humans who needed it for our needs and wants. Its truly saddening how art come from and ended being like this added by the emergence of AI ( will probably another topic to be discussed ) who can easily manipulate and replicate a so called art. We can never deny that there's a huge gap between what happened in the past and in today's generation in terms of art.
Time may flies but the remnants of what art is and how it influenced the lives of many people will never be deniable. We may live in a world that neglects artistic pursuits but its pieces remains with us with everything we see, feel and touch has an essence of art. From the windows, tables, doors we have in our houses to the architectural buildings, churches and schools we go in. The signage, online designs, graphics, music, cinema, moving pictures and with the clothes we use. Art has always been with us. The books, essays, lessons and quotations. The food, transportation and with all the things we had now in the modern world will always be an art. Humans might just disappear but Art will always be there to stay. To create is to live for, embracing once creativity will never be a waste of time.
References
